HIPEC plus EPIC paclitaxel for maximal perioperative treatments of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. Long-term results of a pilot study

BackgroundA unique time in which to effectively treat an intraabdominal malignancy is the time at which the surgeon attempts complete removal of the malignant process. Although surgery is effective for visible disease, micrometastases or multiple small cancer nodules are not amenable to resection. Alternative interventions to deal with residual disease disseminated on peritoneal surfaces are needed.Materials and methodsCytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) can be combined with early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (EPIC) in order to maximally treat gross disease within the abdomen and pelvis and also the minimal residual disease that exists in many patients after resection. The third component of this treatment for ovarian malignancy was EPIC paclitaxel in this study. The clinical features, pharmacologic assessments, and survival were determined in ovarian cancer patients in whom EPIC was added to the perioperative treatment plan.ResultsPatients with high grade serous ovarian cancer underwent CRS, HIPEC with cisplatin/doxorubicin, and EPIC paclitaxel. These treatments combined as a single intervention were studied in 10 patients. The median number of peritonectomy procedures was 1, the median number of visceral resections was 5, and the median time required in the operating room was 8 h. Two patients had a class 3 adverse event. The median survival of patients was 50 months. Pharmacokinetic analysis of the intraperitoneal paclitaxel showed 252 ± 153 times exposure of peritoneal surfaces as compared to intravenous exposure when the drug was instilled into the peritoneal space.ConclusionsEPIC paclitaxel was successfully combined with CRS and HIPEC in 10 patients with ovarian cancer. The treatment was tolerated approximately the same as other major cytoreductive surgical procedures for ovarian cancer or other malignancies. Survival of these ovarian cancer patients seemed unusually prolonged as compared to other patients with stage 3b or recurrent disease. In this pilot study CRS, HIPEC and EPIC were safe and effective.     

Association between periodontitis and medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Consensus has yet to be reached about the prevention and treatment of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ), which is a treatment sequela of several antiresorptive therapies and other pharmaceutical interventions. Several epidemiologic studies have identified periodontal disease (PD) as a risk factor for this outcome. Thus, the objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate this association and its magnitude. A systematic search in MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus and ISI Web of Science, and a meta-analysis were undertaken. Observational studies that gathered information regarding prefixed definitions for both outcomes were selected, and the relevant information was then extracted, and their risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The protocol of the study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42019125646). The initial search yielded 757 eligible records, of which 12 were deemed adequate for inclusion (5 cohort studies and 7 case-control studies). On a random-effects meta-analysis, the risk of PD in MRONJ-affected sites compared with at-risk non-affected patients was significantly greater, with a risk ratio of 2.75 (95% CI: 1.67-4.52). Nonetheless, from a pooled analysis of three standardized periodontal measures (ie plaque index, clinical attachment loss and probing depth) no significant results were obtained. MRONJ appears to be associated with an increase in prevalence of PD. The direction of this association, and the factors influencing it must be investigated using further prospective data, and likewise, the possibility for using periodontal therapy as a prevention strategy must be looked into. Periodontal screening needs to be made an indispensable requisite for clinicians in order to establish a correct multidisciplinary approach in MRONJ.     

不同骨密度老年人群的体成分、肌力及心脏功能特点

目的 分析不同骨密度老年人群的体成分、肌力和心脏功能特点。方法 选择2019年1月至2021年12月在内蒙古自治区人民医院健康管理中心行骨密度检查年龄为65~80岁的500名受试者作为研究对象。采用人体成分分析仪检测并记录受试者骨骼肌指数、体脂肪率、脂肪控制、肌肉控制、右臂肌肉量、肌力；采用超声诊断仪检查并记录受试者心脏功能（EF、EDV、ESV、FS、HR、e/a）。结果 在500例研究对象中，骨量异常人数较多，占77 %，其中骨质疏松者93人（18.6 %），骨量减少者292人（58.4 %），骨量正常者115人（23%）。在男性中，骨质疏松者21人（8.4 %），骨量减少者153人（61.2 %），骨量正常者76人（30.4 %）；在女性中，骨质疏松者72人（28.8 %），骨量减少者139人（55.6 %），骨量正常者39人（15.6 %）；女性患骨质疏松的比例高于男性。女性的体脂肪率（37.20±4.13）高于男性（28.15±5.38）；女性骨骼肌指数（8.20±0.58）低于男性（9.23±0.55）（P＜0.05）。500例研究对象中需进行肌肉控制（增肌）的比例为55.6 % (278人),需进行脂肪控制（减脂）的比例为100 %（500人）。男性、女性分别按照骨密度分为骨质疏松组、骨量减少组及骨质正常组，三组体质量指数（body mass index, BMI)、T值、 Z值、骨骼肌指数、肌肉控制、右臂肌肉量、右手握力、左手握力比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；年龄、体脂肪率、脂肪控制比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。组间两两比较男性组BMI、T值、 Z值、骨骼肌指数、肌肉控制、右臂肌肉量、右手握力、左手握力组间比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；女性组T值、 Z值、骨骼肌指数、肌肉控制、右臂肌肉量、右手握力、左手握力组间比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。Pearson 相关分析显示，T值与骨骼肌指数、BMI、右臂肌肉量及右手握力呈正相关；相较BMI，T值与骨骼肌指数、右臂肌肉量相关性更高；与肌肉控制（增肌）呈负相关（r值= – 0.326，P=0.000）；与体脂肪率及脂肪控制无相关性。心脏功能EDV（F=0.042,P=0.958）、ESV（F=0.008,P=0.992）、EF值（F=0.060,P=0.942）、FS值（F=0. 057,P=0.945）、HR（F=0. 032,P=0.969）组间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；e/a（F=3.768,P=0.034）比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 老年人群骨量异常比率较高，随着骨密度减低，骨骼肌指数及肌力也会下降，且骨质疏松患者易出现心脏舒张功能减低。利用生物电阻抗测定人体成分可以分析骨质疏松患者人体成分变化，能够更细化地了解其肌肉和脂肪的含量，为进一步预防、治疗骨质疏松及优化老年人人体成分提供依据。     

有限元评估尖顶距与股距尖顶距对股骨转子间骨折髓内钉内固定术后稳定性的影响

文题释义：尖顶距：是指术后即刻的正、侧位X射线片上拉力螺钉尖至股骨头颈中轴线与股骨头关节面交点的距离之和，并校正放大率后所得值，以毫米为单位。目前较为主流的观点是尖顶距值≤25 mm可有效减少拉力螺钉切出股骨头的可能性。股距尖顶距：股距尖顶距是在尖顶距的基础上提出的。正位片上，于内侧皮质做一条平行于股骨颈中轴线的切线，该线与股骨头关节面的交点至螺钉尖端的距离即为正位片上的股距尖顶距；侧位片上，为拉力螺钉尖至股骨头颈中轴线与股骨头关节面交点的距离；将正、侧位片上的股距尖顶距相加再予以校正后得到股距尖顶距的值。股距尖顶距更强调正位片上偏下的螺钉位置。 背景：尖顶距被广泛应用于预测拉力螺钉切出的可能性，但是一些临床研究发现在正位片上当拉力螺钉位于股骨头中心偏下的位置时更稳定，于是为了更准确评估拉力螺钉位置, 提出了股距尖顶距的概念，但是其应用价值还需要进一步验证。 目的：利用尖顶距和股距尖顶距的标准公式，将拉力螺钉放入股骨头内不同的区域，应用有限元方法对模型的稳定性进行评估并对比。 方法：利用CT影像数据建立左股骨有限元模型，用3D扫描加建模建立捷迈解剖型髓内钉内置物有限元模型，按照尖顶距15，20，25，30，35 mm将拉力螺钉分别放入股骨头内中间区域和前上、前下、后上、后下5个对应的象限，建立24个内固定模型。同时计算当拉力螺钉位于股骨头中间时对应的股距尖顶距，将拉力螺钉放入后上、后下、前上、前下4个象限，建立16个股距尖顶距模型。然后给模型垂直向下的力，比较以尖顶距和股距尖顶距为标准建立的有限元模型的稳定性。结果与结论：①以尖顶距为标准置入拉力螺钉，当拉力螺钉位于前上象限，尖顶距为35 mm时，股骨头最大轴向位移与无拉力螺钉时差值最小，为0.008 205 5 mm，当拉力螺钉位于股骨头后下象限，尖顶距为20 mm时，股骨头最大轴向位移与无拉力螺钉时差值最大，为0.023 524 0 mm。以股距尖顶距为标准置入拉力螺钉，当拉力螺钉位于前上象限，股距尖顶距为37.886 mm时，股骨头最大轴向位移与无拉力螺钉时差值最小，为0.008 794 1 mm，当拉力螺钉位于股骨头后下象限，股距尖顶距为25.256 mm时，股骨头最大轴向位移与无拉力螺钉时差值最大，为0.023 183 2 mm。②将拉力螺钉按照尖顶距和股距尖顶距的标准放入股骨头内，拉力螺钉位于股骨头中心偏后上方时，股骨骨折近端的最大主应力增高明显，平均值分别为82.339 4，79.118 8 MPa；拉力螺钉位于股骨头中心偏后下方时，股骨骨折近端的平均最大主应力值减小，分别为49.535 9，49.642 8 MPa。提示：在评估尖顶距和股距尖顶距对股骨转子间骨折髓内钉内固定模型稳定性的影响时，股距尖顶距并未较尖顶距表现出明显优势；股骨骨折近端的稳定性受到拉力螺钉位置的影响更大，当拉力螺钉位于股骨头下后象限时，稳定性最好。ORCID: 0000-0002-7707-3553(乔文) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程     

“One-piece” patient-specific reconstruction plate for double-barrel fibula-based mandibular reconstruction

Segmental mandibular defects require reconstruction. The fibula flap serves as a versatile flap in restoring mandibular contour and bony height. With the advances in computer-aided design and additive manufacturing technology, an innovative “one-piece” patient-specific reconstruction plate to facilitate double-barrel fibula flap shaping and bone securing was developed; the plate is described in this study. The “one-piece” plate is fabricated with individualized specifications and is mainly composed of three components: the long-bar reconstruction plate, a short-bar plate, and connecting bars. Our initial experiences showed that mandibular reconstructive surgery was greatly facilitated by the “one-piece” reconstruction plate for double-barrel fibula flap reconstruction and achieved satisfactory outcomes. A well-designed clinical trial is required to confirm the superiority of the “one-piece” reconstruction plate in the future. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT03057223.     

日常膳食锌摄入水平与绝经后女性骨密度之间的关系：一项基于DRYAD数据库的二次分析

目的明确每日膳食锌摄入量与绝经后女性骨密度之间的相关性。方法采用Empowerstats和R软件对DRYAD数据库数据进行二次分析,通过线性回归探索每日膳食锌摄入量与绝经后女性骨密度之间的线性关系,并采用广义加性模型进行曲线拟合分析二者间的非线性关系。结果该研究共纳入282例绝经后女性。在调整年龄、每日钙摄入量后,每日膳食锌摄入量和绝经后女性髋骨骨密度存在阈值关联。当每日摄入锌超过32.9 mg时,每日锌摄入量每增加1 mg,髋骨骨密度增加4.87 mg/cm2(P0.05)。结论每日膳食锌摄入量与绝经后女性骨密度之间存在阈值效应关系,这将为今后绝经后女性预防骨质疏松的营养支持与补充提供依据和指导。